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Warts

Warts are one of several soft tissue conditions of the foot that can be quite painful. They are caused by a virus, which generally invades the skin through small or invisible cuts and abrasions. They can appear anywhere on the skin but, technically, only those on the sole are properly called plantar warts. 

Children, especially teenagers, are often more susceptible to warts than adults; some people seem to be immune. 

Most warts are harmless, even though they may be painful. They are often mistaken for corns or calluses - which are layers of dead skin that build up to protect an area which is being continuously irritated. The wart, however, is a viral infection. 

It is also possible for a variety of more serious lesions to appear on the foot, including melanomas. Although rare, these conditions can sometime be misidentified as a wart. It is wise to consult a podiatrist when any suspicious growth or eruption is detected on the skin of the foot in order to ensure a correct diagnosis. 

Plantar warts tend to be hard and flat with a rough surface and well-defined boundaries; warts are generally raised and fleshier when they appear on the top of the foot or on the toes. Plantar warts are often gray or brown (but the colour may vary), with a centre that appears as one or more pinpoints of black. It is important to note that warts can be very resistant to treatment and have a tendency to re-occur. 

Virus sources 
The plantar wart is often contracted by walking barefoot on dirty surfaces or littered ground where the virus is lurking. The causative virus thrives in warm, moist environments, making infection a common occurrence in communal bathing facilities. 

If left untreated, warts can grow to an inch or more in circumference and can spread into clusters of several warts; these are often called mosaic warts. Like any other infectious lesion, plantar warts are spread by touching, scratching or even by contact with skin shed from another wart. The wart may also bleed which is another route for spreading. 

Occasionally, warts can spontaneously disappear after a short time, and, just as frequently, they can recur in the same location. 

When plantar warts develop on the weight-bearing areas of the foot - the ball of the foot, or the heel, for example - they can be the source of sharp, burning pain. Pain occurs when weight is brought to bear directly on the wart, although pressure on the side of a wart can create equally intense pain. 

What can you do?

  • Avoid walking barefoot, except on sandy beaches
  • Change your shoes and socks daily
  • Keep your feet clean and dry
  • Avoid direct contact with warts - from other people or other parts of the body.
  • Do not ignore growths on, or changes in, your skin.
  • Visit your podiatrist as part of your annual health checkup.

Self treatment is generally not advisable. Over-the-counter preparations contain acids or chemicals that destroy skin cells, and it takes an expert to destroy abnormal skin cells (warts) without also destroying surrounding healthy tissue. Self treatment with such medications should be avoided by people with diabetes and those with cardiovascular or circulatory disorders. NEVER use them in the presence of an active infection. 

What might the podiatrist do? 

It is possible that your podiatrist will prescribe and supervise your use of a wart-removal preparation. More likely, however, removal of warts by a simple surgical procedure, performed under local anesthetic, may be indicated. 

Lasers have become a common and effective treatment. A procedure known as C02 laser cautery is performed under local anesthesia either in your podiatrist's surgical office setting or an outpatient surgery facility. The laser reduces post-treatment scarring and is a safe form for eliminating wart lesions.